Mark performs much better on multiple-choice tests than on open-ended short-answer questions.
This effect is due to Mark benefiting from which form of retrieval from the long-term store?
A. recognition
B. recall
C. retroactive
D. procedural
Short-term memory
A. is often regarded as working memory.
B. contains information not attended to in sensory memory.
C. is resistant to interference.
D. is limitless in capacity.
When I ring my colleague who lives in the United States I first recall the four digit international dialling code, then the two digit country code and finally his eight digit telephone number. Using this procedure I am able to hold 14 digits in my working memory.
This ability is an example of increasing the length of working memory by using
A. maintenance rehearsal.
B. chunking.
C. narrative chaining.
D. the method of loci.
When playing football, David becomes unconscious from a hard knock to the head. When he recovers, he can not remember anything that happened five minutes before he was knocked. A failure in ___________ best describes why David cannot recall this information.
A. consolidation
B. semantic memory
C. the central executive
D. his tip-of-the-tongue ability
Remembering the name of the breed of your horse is an example of ___________ memory; remembering the first time you rode your horse is an example of ________________ memory; and your memory of how to ride your horse is an example of __________ memory.
A. episodic; semantic; declarative
B. long-term; short-term; sensory
C. semantic; procedural; episodic
D. semantic; episodic; procedural
Declarative memory involves either _______ or _______ memory.
A. iconic; echoic
B. semantic; episodic
C. anterograde; retrograde
D. sensory; working
According to semantic network theory
A. information moves from sensory, to short-term, to long-term memory.
B. information in long-term memory is stored and organised according to meaningful groupings.
C. visual material is processed by the visuo-spatial sketchpad.
D. procedural memories are forgotten more readily than semantic memories.
Kathleen has had an answering machine in her office for the last two years. Recently Kathleen also bought a machine for her home. The two machines use different keys to save, delete or play messages. After a busy week at work, Kathleen has a lot of trouble remembering the correct keys for her machine at home.
This problem is due to
A. proactive interference.
B. retroactive interference.
C. anterograde amnesia.
D. retrograde amnesia.
Georgia is giving a statement to the police about a crime she witnessed. In an attempt to recall accurately the crime, she is encouraged to re-experience her physiological and psychological conditions during the time the crime was committed.
She is using __________________ to help her recall the crime.
A. the method of loci
B. narrative chaining
C. context dependent cues
D. state dependent cues
Babies develop the ability to walk largely through
A. maturation.
B. reflex.
C. classical conditioning.
D. a fixed action pattern.
Which of the following is not an example of a fixed action pattern?
A. birds migrating in winter
B. a spider weaving its web
C. a dog shaking itself after a bath
D. sneezing to clear the nose
The light switch in Eloiseís bedroom is faulty so that every time she touches the switch she receives a mild
electric shock. After this has happened a few times, Eloise associates light switches with a startle response.
In this scenario, the unconditioned stimulus is
A. the light switch.
B. Eloiseís bedroom.
C. the electric current.
D. the startle response.
In the terminology of classical conditioning, stimuli and responses that do not require any learning are referred
to as
A. unconditioned.
B. conditioned.
C. responsive.
D. spontaneous.
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